We had concluded that the Guelph forces had fared so badly initially in the battle, fought with so much ineptitude – including Dante – that they threw the Ghibellines into such an overconfident frenzy that they abandoned their tactical plan
If you, like many at this time of year, have resolved to give up alcohol, then it might be a comfort to remember you are not the first in history to have attempted this. As Song dynasty writer Liu Xueji found, then as today, peer pressure and social obligations can test one’s resolve to cut […]
One of the very finest examples of this tradition is the Val-Dieu Apocalypse, a fourteenth-century codex that stands out on account of its opulence and sophistication.
John D. Hosler surveys the martial content in John of Salisbury’s writings and explain how he serves as the medieval bridge between ancient and early-modern military theory